In what case did the Supreme Court rule that the right to bear arms is an individual right?

The Supreme Court ruled that the right to bear arms is an individual right in the case of District of Columbia v. Heller. This landmark decision, issued in 2008, was pivotal in interpreting the Second Amendment of the United States Constitution, affirming that individuals have the right to possess firearms unconnected with service in a militia and to use them for traditionally lawful purposes, such as self-defense within the home.

This ruling established that the individual right to bear arms is not solely related to collective militia service, but rather is an inherent right held by individuals. The Court's opinion carefully analyzed historical contexts and the intent of the framers of the Constitution, ultimately highlighting that the Second Amendment safeguards an individual's right to own and carry firearms, marking a significant moment in Constitutional law and individual liberties.